Yes. I think X-Plane is capable of training with instrument procedures such as navigation, holding patterns and entry, approaches, missed etc. As the sim contains “virtually” all the real world navaids and airports, and you can set up any weather condition. While you can learn and practice the techniques, you cannot log FAA simulation time with X-Plane. Since the FAA does not certify software of itself, but only complete simulators.
I must mention that I have not had much time on X-Plane 10—I switched to XP11 after only a couple of weeks with XP10. But I believe the above still applies.