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As far as I know, no, the only real-time navigation X-Plane can give you on its own is whatever instruments your aircraft has: an airliner will have MFDs with map views; many light aircraft have the GNS 430/530. These both work a lot better if you enter your flight plan; then you can get distances and times to your waypoints. Even without doing so, you can see your position relative to e.g. nearby airports, and a list of those with distances.
There are also various third-party apps that can accept position data from X-Plane and give you real-time info; here are some examples:
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